usvg/

writer.rs

// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
// License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
// file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.

use std::fmt::Display;
use std::io::Write;

use svgtypes::{parse_font_families, FontFamily};
use xmlwriter::XmlWriter;

use crate::parser::{AId, EId};
use crate::*;

impl Tree {
    /// Writes `usvg::Tree` back to SVG.
    pub fn to_string(&self, opt: &WriteOptions) -> String {
        convert(self, opt)
    }
}

/// Checks that type has a default value.
trait IsDefault: Default {
    /// Checks that type has a default value.
    fn is_default(&self) -> bool;
}

impl<T: Default + PartialEq + Copy> IsDefault for T {
    #[inline]
    fn is_default(&self) -> bool {
        *self == Self::default()
    }
}

/// XML writing options.
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct WriteOptions {
    /// Used to add a custom prefix to each element ID during writing.
    pub id_prefix: Option<String>,

    /// Do not convert text into paths.
    ///
    /// Default: false
    pub preserve_text: bool,

    /// Set the coordinates numeric precision.
    ///
    /// Smaller precision can lead to a malformed output in some cases.
    ///
    /// Default: 8
    pub coordinates_precision: u8,

    /// Set the transform values numeric precision.
    ///
    /// Smaller precision can lead to a malformed output in some cases.
    ///
    /// Default: 8
    pub transforms_precision: u8,

    /// Use single quote marks instead of double quote.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// Before:
    ///
    /// ```text
    /// <rect fill="red"/>
    /// ```
    ///
    /// After:
    ///
    /// ```text
    /// <rect fill='red'/>
    /// ```
    ///
    /// Default: disabled
    pub use_single_quote: bool,

    /// Set XML nodes indention.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// `Indent::None`
    /// Before:
    ///
    /// ```text
    /// <svg>
    ///     <rect fill="red"/>
    /// </svg>
    /// ```
    ///
    /// After:
    ///
    /// ```text
    /// <svg><rect fill="red"/></svg>
    /// ```
    ///
    /// Default: 4 spaces
    pub indent: Indent,

    /// Set XML attributes indention.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// `Indent::Spaces(2)`
    ///
    /// Before:
    ///
    /// ```text
    /// <svg>
    ///     <rect fill="red" stroke="black"/>
    /// </svg>
    /// ```
    ///
    /// After:
    ///
    /// ```text
    /// <svg>
    ///     <rect
    ///       fill="red"
    ///       stroke="black"/>
    /// </svg>
    /// ```
    ///
    /// Default: `None`
    pub attributes_indent: Indent,
}

impl Default for WriteOptions {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            id_prefix: Default::default(),
            preserve_text: false,
            coordinates_precision: 8,
            transforms_precision: 8,
            use_single_quote: false,
            indent: Indent::Spaces(4),
            attributes_indent: Indent::None,
        }
    }
}

pub(crate) fn convert(tree: &Tree, opt: &WriteOptions) -> String {
    let mut xml = XmlWriter::new(xmlwriter::Options {
        use_single_quote: opt.use_single_quote,
        indent: opt.indent,
        attributes_indent: opt.attributes_indent,
    });

    xml.start_svg_element(EId::Svg);
    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Width, &tree.size.width());
    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Height, &tree.size.height());
    xml.write_attribute("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg");
    if has_xlink(&tree.root) {
        xml.write_attribute("xmlns:xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink");
    }

    xml.start_svg_element(EId::Defs);
    write_defs(tree, opt, &mut xml);
    xml.end_element();

    write_elements(&tree.root, false, opt, &mut xml);

    xml.end_document()
}

fn write_filters(tree: &Tree, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    let mut written_fe_image_nodes: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
    for filter in tree.filters() {
        for fe in &filter.primitives {
            if let filter::Kind::Image(ref img) = fe.kind {
                if let Some(child) = img.root().children.first() {
                    if !written_fe_image_nodes.iter().any(|id| id == child.id()) {
                        write_element(child, false, opt, xml);
                        written_fe_image_nodes.push(child.id().to_string());
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        xml.start_svg_element(EId::Filter);
        xml.write_id_attribute(filter.id(), opt);
        xml.write_rect_attrs(filter.rect);
        xml.write_units(
            AId::FilterUnits,
            Units::UserSpaceOnUse,
            Units::ObjectBoundingBox,
        );

        for fe in &filter.primitives {
            match fe.kind {
                filter::Kind::DropShadow(ref shadow) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeDropShadow);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &shadow.input);
                    xml.write_attribute_fmt(
                        AId::StdDeviation.to_str(),
                        format_args!("{} {}", shadow.std_dev_x.get(), shadow.std_dev_y.get()),
                    );
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Dx, &shadow.dx);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Dy, &shadow.dy);
                    xml.write_color(AId::FloodColor, shadow.color);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FloodOpacity, &shadow.opacity.get());
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::GaussianBlur(ref blur) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeGaussianBlur);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &blur.input);
                    xml.write_attribute_fmt(
                        AId::StdDeviation.to_str(),
                        format_args!("{} {}", blur.std_dev_x.get(), blur.std_dev_y.get()),
                    );
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Offset(ref offset) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeOffset);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &offset.input);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Dx, &offset.dx);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Dy, &offset.dy);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Blend(ref blend) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeBlend);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &blend.input1);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In2, &blend.input2);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(
                        AId::Mode,
                        match blend.mode {
                            BlendMode::Normal => "normal",
                            BlendMode::Multiply => "multiply",
                            BlendMode::Screen => "screen",
                            BlendMode::Overlay => "overlay",
                            BlendMode::Darken => "darken",
                            BlendMode::Lighten => "lighten",
                            BlendMode::ColorDodge => "color-dodge",
                            BlendMode::ColorBurn => "color-burn",
                            BlendMode::HardLight => "hard-light",
                            BlendMode::SoftLight => "soft-light",
                            BlendMode::Difference => "difference",
                            BlendMode::Exclusion => "exclusion",
                            BlendMode::Hue => "hue",
                            BlendMode::Saturation => "saturation",
                            BlendMode::Color => "color",
                            BlendMode::Luminosity => "luminosity",
                        },
                    );
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Flood(ref flood) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeFlood);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_color(AId::FloodColor, flood.color);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FloodOpacity, &flood.opacity.get());
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Composite(ref composite) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeComposite);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &composite.input1);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In2, &composite.input2);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(
                        AId::Operator,
                        match composite.operator {
                            filter::CompositeOperator::Over => "over",
                            filter::CompositeOperator::In => "in",
                            filter::CompositeOperator::Out => "out",
                            filter::CompositeOperator::Atop => "atop",
                            filter::CompositeOperator::Xor => "xor",
                            filter::CompositeOperator::Arithmetic { .. } => "arithmetic",
                        },
                    );

                    if let filter::CompositeOperator::Arithmetic { k1, k2, k3, k4 } =
                        composite.operator
                    {
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::K1, &k1);
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::K2, &k2);
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::K3, &k3);
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::K4, &k4);
                    }

                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Merge(ref merge) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeMerge);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    for input in &merge.inputs {
                        xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeMergeNode);
                        xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, input);
                        xml.end_element();
                    }

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Tile(ref tile) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeTile);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &tile.input);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Image(ref img) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeImage);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    if let Some(child) = img.root.children.first() {
                        let prefix = opt.id_prefix.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
                        xml.write_attribute_fmt(
                            "xlink:href",
                            format_args!("#{}{}", prefix, child.id()),
                        );
                    }

                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);
                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::ComponentTransfer(ref transfer) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeComponentTransfer);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &transfer.input);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    xml.write_filter_transfer_function(EId::FeFuncR, &transfer.func_r);
                    xml.write_filter_transfer_function(EId::FeFuncG, &transfer.func_g);
                    xml.write_filter_transfer_function(EId::FeFuncB, &transfer.func_b);
                    xml.write_filter_transfer_function(EId::FeFuncA, &transfer.func_a);

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::ColorMatrix(ref matrix) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeColorMatrix);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &matrix.input);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    match matrix.kind {
                        filter::ColorMatrixKind::Matrix(ref values) => {
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "matrix");
                            xml.write_numbers(AId::Values, values);
                        }
                        filter::ColorMatrixKind::Saturate(value) => {
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "saturate");
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Values, &value.get());
                        }
                        filter::ColorMatrixKind::HueRotate(angle) => {
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "hueRotate");
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Values, &angle);
                        }
                        filter::ColorMatrixKind::LuminanceToAlpha => {
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "luminanceToAlpha");
                        }
                    }

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::ConvolveMatrix(ref matrix) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeConvolveMatrix);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &matrix.input);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    xml.write_attribute_fmt(
                        AId::Order.to_str(),
                        format_args!("{} {}", matrix.matrix.columns, matrix.matrix.rows),
                    );
                    xml.write_numbers(AId::KernelMatrix, &matrix.matrix.data);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Divisor, &matrix.divisor.get());
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Bias, &matrix.bias);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TargetX, &matrix.matrix.target_x);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TargetY, &matrix.matrix.target_y);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(
                        AId::EdgeMode,
                        match matrix.edge_mode {
                            filter::EdgeMode::None => "none",
                            filter::EdgeMode::Duplicate => "duplicate",
                            filter::EdgeMode::Wrap => "wrap",
                        },
                    );
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(
                        AId::PreserveAlpha,
                        if matrix.preserve_alpha {
                            "true"
                        } else {
                            "false"
                        },
                    );

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Morphology(ref morphology) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeMorphology);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &morphology.input);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    xml.write_svg_attribute(
                        AId::Operator,
                        match morphology.operator {
                            filter::MorphologyOperator::Erode => "erode",
                            filter::MorphologyOperator::Dilate => "dilate",
                        },
                    );
                    xml.write_attribute_fmt(
                        AId::Radius.to_str(),
                        format_args!(
                            "{} {}",
                            morphology.radius_x.get(),
                            morphology.radius_y.get()
                        ),
                    );

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::DisplacementMap(ref map) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeDisplacementMap);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In, &map.input1);
                    xml.write_filter_input(AId::In2, &map.input2);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Scale, &map.scale);

                    let mut write_channel = |c, aid| {
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(
                            aid,
                            match c {
                                filter::ColorChannel::R => "R",
                                filter::ColorChannel::G => "G",
                                filter::ColorChannel::B => "B",
                                filter::ColorChannel::A => "A",
                            },
                        );
                    };
                    write_channel(map.x_channel_selector, AId::XChannelSelector);
                    write_channel(map.y_channel_selector, AId::YChannelSelector);

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::Turbulence(ref turbulence) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeTurbulence);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    xml.write_attribute_fmt(
                        AId::BaseFrequency.to_str(),
                        format_args!(
                            "{} {}",
                            turbulence.base_frequency_x.get(),
                            turbulence.base_frequency_y.get()
                        ),
                    );
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::NumOctaves, &turbulence.num_octaves);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Seed, &turbulence.seed);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(
                        AId::StitchTiles,
                        match turbulence.stitch_tiles {
                            true => "stitch",
                            false => "noStitch",
                        },
                    );
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(
                        AId::Type,
                        match turbulence.kind {
                            filter::TurbulenceKind::FractalNoise => "fractalNoise",
                            filter::TurbulenceKind::Turbulence => "turbulence",
                        },
                    );

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::DiffuseLighting(ref light) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeDiffuseLighting);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::SurfaceScale, &light.surface_scale);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::DiffuseConstant, &light.diffuse_constant);
                    xml.write_color(AId::LightingColor, light.lighting_color);
                    write_light_source(&light.light_source, xml);

                    xml.end_element();
                }
                filter::Kind::SpecularLighting(ref light) => {
                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeSpecularLighting);
                    xml.write_filter_primitive_attrs(filter.rect(), fe);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Result, &fe.result);

                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::SurfaceScale, &light.surface_scale);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::SpecularConstant, &light.specular_constant);
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::SpecularExponent, &light.specular_exponent);
                    xml.write_color(AId::LightingColor, light.lighting_color);
                    write_light_source(&light.light_source, xml);

                    xml.end_element();
                }
            };
        }

        xml.end_element();
    }
}

fn write_defs(tree: &Tree, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    for lg in tree.linear_gradients() {
        xml.start_svg_element(EId::LinearGradient);
        xml.write_id_attribute(lg.id(), opt);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::X1, &lg.x1);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Y1, &lg.y1);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::X2, &lg.x2);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Y2, &lg.y2);
        write_base_grad(&lg.base, opt, xml);
        xml.end_element();
    }

    for rg in tree.radial_gradients() {
        xml.start_svg_element(EId::RadialGradient);
        xml.write_id_attribute(rg.id(), opt);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Cx, &rg.cx);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Cy, &rg.cy);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::R, &rg.r.get());
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Fx, &rg.fx);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Fy, &rg.fy);
        write_base_grad(&rg.base, opt, xml);
        xml.end_element();
    }

    for pattern in tree.patterns() {
        xml.start_svg_element(EId::Pattern);
        xml.write_id_attribute(pattern.id(), opt);
        xml.write_rect_attrs(pattern.rect);
        xml.write_units(AId::PatternUnits, pattern.units, Units::ObjectBoundingBox);
        xml.write_units(
            AId::PatternContentUnits,
            pattern.content_units,
            Units::UserSpaceOnUse,
        );
        xml.write_transform(AId::PatternTransform, pattern.transform, opt);

        write_elements(&pattern.root, false, opt, xml);

        xml.end_element();
    }

    if tree.has_text_nodes() {
        write_text_path_paths(&tree.root, opt, xml);
    }

    write_filters(tree, opt, xml);

    for clip in tree.clip_paths() {
        xml.start_svg_element(EId::ClipPath);
        xml.write_id_attribute(clip.id(), opt);
        xml.write_transform(AId::Transform, clip.transform, opt);

        if let Some(ref clip) = clip.clip_path {
            xml.write_func_iri(AId::ClipPath, clip.id(), opt);
        }

        write_elements(&clip.root, true, opt, xml);

        xml.end_element();
    }

    for mask in tree.masks() {
        xml.start_svg_element(EId::Mask);
        xml.write_id_attribute(mask.id(), opt);
        if mask.kind == MaskType::Alpha {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::MaskType, "alpha");
        }
        xml.write_units(
            AId::MaskUnits,
            Units::UserSpaceOnUse,
            Units::ObjectBoundingBox,
        );
        xml.write_rect_attrs(mask.rect);

        if let Some(ref mask) = mask.mask {
            xml.write_func_iri(AId::Mask, mask.id(), opt);
        }

        write_elements(&mask.root, false, opt, xml);

        xml.end_element();
    }
}

fn write_text_path_paths(parent: &Group, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    for node in &parent.children {
        if let Node::Group(ref group) = node {
            write_text_path_paths(group, opt, xml);
        } else if let Node::Text(ref text) = node {
            for chunk in &text.chunks {
                if let TextFlow::Path(ref text_path) = chunk.text_flow {
                    let path = Path::new(
                        text_path.id().to_string(),
                        true,
                        None,
                        None,
                        PaintOrder::default(),
                        ShapeRendering::default(),
                        text_path.path.clone(),
                        Transform::default(),
                    );
                    if let Some(ref path) = path {
                        write_path(path, false, Transform::default(), None, opt, xml);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        node.subroots(|subroot| write_text_path_paths(subroot, opt, xml));
    }
}

fn write_elements(parent: &Group, is_clip_path: bool, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    for n in &parent.children {
        write_element(n, is_clip_path, opt, xml);
    }
}

fn write_element(node: &Node, is_clip_path: bool, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    match node {
        Node::Path(ref p) => {
            write_path(p, is_clip_path, Transform::default(), None, opt, xml);
        }
        Node::Image(ref img) => {
            xml.start_svg_element(EId::Image);
            if !img.id.is_empty() {
                xml.write_id_attribute(&img.id, opt);
            }

            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Width, &img.size().width());
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Height, &img.size().height());

            xml.write_visibility(img.visible);

            match img.rendering_mode {
                ImageRendering::OptimizeQuality => {}
                ImageRendering::OptimizeSpeed => {
                    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::ImageRendering, "optimizeSpeed");
                }
            }

            xml.write_image_data(&img.kind);

            xml.end_element();
        }
        Node::Group(ref g) => {
            write_group_element(g, is_clip_path, opt, xml);
        }
        Node::Text(ref text) => {
            if opt.preserve_text {
                xml.start_svg_element(EId::Text);

                if !text.id.is_empty() {
                    xml.write_id_attribute(&text.id, opt);
                }

                xml.write_attribute("xml:space", "preserve");

                match text.writing_mode {
                    WritingMode::LeftToRight => {}
                    WritingMode::TopToBottom => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::WritingMode, "tb"),
                }

                match text.rendering_mode {
                    TextRendering::OptimizeSpeed => {
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TextRendering, "optimizeSpeed")
                    }
                    TextRendering::GeometricPrecision => {
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TextRendering, "geometricPrecision")
                    }
                    TextRendering::OptimizeLegibility => {}
                }

                if text.rotate.iter().any(|r| *r != 0.0) {
                    xml.write_numbers(AId::Rotate, &text.rotate);
                }

                if text.dx.iter().any(|dx| *dx != 0.0) {
                    xml.write_numbers(AId::Dx, &text.dx);
                }

                if text.dy.iter().any(|dy| *dy != 0.0) {
                    xml.write_numbers(AId::Dy, &text.dy);
                }

                xml.set_preserve_whitespaces(true);

                for chunk in &text.chunks {
                    if let TextFlow::Path(text_path) = &chunk.text_flow {
                        xml.start_svg_element(EId::TextPath);

                        let prefix = opt.id_prefix.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
                        xml.write_attribute_fmt(
                            "xlink:href",
                            format_args!("#{}{}", prefix, text_path.id()),
                        );

                        if text_path.start_offset != 0.0 {
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StartOffset, &text_path.start_offset);
                        }
                    }

                    xml.start_svg_element(EId::Tspan);

                    if let Some(x) = chunk.x {
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::X, &x);
                    }

                    if let Some(y) = chunk.y {
                        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Y, &y);
                    }

                    match chunk.anchor {
                        TextAnchor::Start => {}
                        TextAnchor::Middle => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TextAnchor, "middle"),
                        TextAnchor::End => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TextAnchor, "end"),
                    }

                    for span in &chunk.spans {
                        let decorations: Vec<_> = [
                            ("underline", &span.decoration.underline),
                            ("line-through", &span.decoration.line_through),
                            ("overline", &span.decoration.overline),
                        ]
                        .iter()
                        .filter_map(|&(key, option_value)| {
                            option_value.as_ref().map(|value| (key, value))
                        })
                        .collect();

                        // Decorations need to be dumped BEFORE we write the actual span data
                        // (so that for example stroke color of span doesn't affect the text
                        // itself while baseline shifts need to be written after (since they are
                        // affected by the font size)
                        for (deco_name, deco) in &decorations {
                            xml.start_svg_element(EId::Tspan);
                            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TextDecoration, deco_name);
                            write_fill(&deco.fill, false, opt, xml);
                            write_stroke(&deco.stroke, opt, xml);
                        }

                        write_span(is_clip_path, opt, xml, chunk, span);

                        // End for each tspan we needed to create for decorations
                        for _ in &decorations {
                            xml.end_element();
                        }
                    }
                    xml.end_element();

                    // End textPath element
                    if matches!(&chunk.text_flow, TextFlow::Path(_)) {
                        xml.end_element();
                    }
                }

                xml.end_element();
                xml.set_preserve_whitespaces(false);
            } else {
                write_group_element(text.flattened(), is_clip_path, opt, xml);
            }
        }
    }
}

fn write_group_element(g: &Group, is_clip_path: bool, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    if is_clip_path {
        // The `clipPath` element in SVG doesn't allow groups, only shapes and text.
        // The problem is that in `usvg` we can set a `clip-path` only on groups.
        // So in cases when a `clipPath` child has a `clip-path` as well,
        // it would be inside a group. And we have to skip this group during writing.
        //
        // Basically, the following SVG:
        //
        // <clipPath id="clip">
        //   <path clip-path="url(#clip-nested)"/>
        // </clipPath>
        //
        // will be represented in usvg as:
        //
        // <clipPath id="clip">
        //   <g clip-path="url(#clip-nested)">
        //      <path/>
        //   </g>
        // </clipPath>
        //
        //
        // Same with text. Text elements will be converted into groups,
        // but only the group's children should be written.
        for child in &g.children {
            if let Node::Path(ref path) = child {
                let clip_id = g.clip_path.as_ref().map(|cp| cp.id().to_string());
                write_path(
                    path,
                    is_clip_path,
                    g.transform,
                    clip_id.as_deref(),
                    opt,
                    xml,
                );
            }
        }
        return;
    }

    xml.start_svg_element(EId::G);
    if !g.id.is_empty() {
        xml.write_id_attribute(&g.id, opt);
    };

    if let Some(ref clip) = g.clip_path {
        xml.write_func_iri(AId::ClipPath, clip.id(), opt);
    }

    if let Some(ref mask) = g.mask {
        xml.write_func_iri(AId::Mask, mask.id(), opt);
    }

    if !g.filters.is_empty() {
        let prefix = opt.id_prefix.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
        let ids: Vec<_> = g
            .filters
            .iter()
            .map(|filter| format!("url(#{}{})", prefix, filter.id()))
            .collect();
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Filter, &ids.join(" "));
    }

    if g.opacity != Opacity::ONE {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Opacity, &g.opacity.get());
    }

    xml.write_transform(AId::Transform, g.transform, opt);

    if g.blend_mode != BlendMode::Normal || g.isolate {
        let blend_mode = match g.blend_mode {
            BlendMode::Normal => "normal",
            BlendMode::Multiply => "multiply",
            BlendMode::Screen => "screen",
            BlendMode::Overlay => "overlay",
            BlendMode::Darken => "darken",
            BlendMode::Lighten => "lighten",
            BlendMode::ColorDodge => "color-dodge",
            BlendMode::ColorBurn => "color-burn",
            BlendMode::HardLight => "hard-light",
            BlendMode::SoftLight => "soft-light",
            BlendMode::Difference => "difference",
            BlendMode::Exclusion => "exclusion",
            BlendMode::Hue => "hue",
            BlendMode::Saturation => "saturation",
            BlendMode::Color => "color",
            BlendMode::Luminosity => "luminosity",
        };

        // For reasons unknown, `mix-blend-mode` and `isolation` must be written
        // as `style` attribute.
        let isolation = if g.isolate { "isolate" } else { "auto" };
        xml.write_attribute_fmt(
            AId::Style.to_str(),
            format_args!("mix-blend-mode:{};isolation:{}", blend_mode, isolation),
        );
    }

    write_elements(g, false, opt, xml);

    xml.end_element();
}

trait XmlWriterExt {
    fn start_svg_element(&mut self, id: EId);
    fn write_svg_attribute<V: Display + ?Sized>(&mut self, id: AId, value: &V);
    fn write_id_attribute(&mut self, id: &str, opt: &WriteOptions);
    fn write_color(&mut self, id: AId, color: Color);
    fn write_units(&mut self, id: AId, units: Units, def: Units);
    fn write_transform(&mut self, id: AId, units: Transform, opt: &WriteOptions);
    fn write_visibility(&mut self, value: bool);
    fn write_func_iri(&mut self, aid: AId, id: &str, opt: &WriteOptions);
    fn write_rect_attrs(&mut self, r: NonZeroRect);
    fn write_numbers(&mut self, aid: AId, list: &[f32]);
    fn write_image_data(&mut self, kind: &ImageKind);
    fn write_filter_input(&mut self, id: AId, input: &filter::Input);
    fn write_filter_primitive_attrs(&mut self, parent_rect: NonZeroRect, fe: &filter::Primitive);
    fn write_filter_transfer_function(&mut self, eid: EId, fe: &filter::TransferFunction);
}

impl XmlWriterExt for XmlWriter {
    #[inline(never)]
    fn start_svg_element(&mut self, id: EId) {
        self.start_element(id.to_str());
    }

    #[inline(never)]
    fn write_svg_attribute<V: Display + ?Sized>(&mut self, id: AId, value: &V) {
        self.write_attribute(id.to_str(), value)
    }

    #[inline(never)]
    fn write_id_attribute(&mut self, id: &str, opt: &WriteOptions) {
        debug_assert!(!id.is_empty());

        if let Some(ref prefix) = opt.id_prefix {
            let full_id = format!("{}{}", prefix, id);
            self.write_attribute("id", &full_id);
        } else {
            self.write_attribute("id", id);
        }
    }

    #[inline(never)]
    fn write_color(&mut self, id: AId, c: Color) {
        static CHARS: &[u8] = b"0123456789abcdef";

        #[inline]
        fn int2hex(n: u8) -> (u8, u8) {
            (CHARS[(n >> 4) as usize], CHARS[(n & 0xf) as usize])
        }

        let (r1, r2) = int2hex(c.red);
        let (g1, g2) = int2hex(c.green);
        let (b1, b2) = int2hex(c.blue);

        self.write_attribute_raw(id.to_str(), |buf| {
            buf.extend_from_slice(&[b'#', r1, r2, g1, g2, b1, b2])
        });
    }

    // TODO: simplify
    fn write_units(&mut self, id: AId, units: Units, def: Units) {
        if units != def {
            self.write_attribute(
                id.to_str(),
                match units {
                    Units::UserSpaceOnUse => "userSpaceOnUse",
                    Units::ObjectBoundingBox => "objectBoundingBox",
                },
            );
        }
    }

    fn write_transform(&mut self, id: AId, ts: Transform, opt: &WriteOptions) {
        if !ts.is_default() {
            self.write_attribute_raw(id.to_str(), |buf| {
                buf.extend_from_slice(b"matrix(");
                write_num(ts.sx, buf, opt.transforms_precision);
                buf.push(b' ');
                write_num(ts.ky, buf, opt.transforms_precision);
                buf.push(b' ');
                write_num(ts.kx, buf, opt.transforms_precision);
                buf.push(b' ');
                write_num(ts.sy, buf, opt.transforms_precision);
                buf.push(b' ');
                write_num(ts.tx, buf, opt.transforms_precision);
                buf.push(b' ');
                write_num(ts.ty, buf, opt.transforms_precision);
                buf.extend_from_slice(b")");
            });
        }
    }

    fn write_visibility(&mut self, value: bool) {
        if !value {
            self.write_attribute(AId::Visibility.to_str(), "hidden");
        }
    }

    fn write_func_iri(&mut self, aid: AId, id: &str, opt: &WriteOptions) {
        debug_assert!(!id.is_empty());
        let prefix = opt.id_prefix.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
        self.write_attribute_fmt(aid.to_str(), format_args!("url(#{}{})", prefix, id));
    }

    fn write_rect_attrs(&mut self, r: NonZeroRect) {
        self.write_svg_attribute(AId::X, &r.x());
        self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Y, &r.y());
        self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Width, &r.width());
        self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Height, &r.height());
    }

    fn write_numbers(&mut self, aid: AId, list: &[f32]) {
        self.write_attribute_raw(aid.to_str(), |buf| {
            for n in list {
                buf.write_fmt(format_args!("{} ", n)).unwrap();
            }

            if !list.is_empty() {
                buf.pop();
            }
        });
    }

    fn write_filter_input(&mut self, id: AId, input: &filter::Input) {
        self.write_attribute(
            id.to_str(),
            match input {
                filter::Input::SourceGraphic => "SourceGraphic",
                filter::Input::SourceAlpha => "SourceAlpha",
                filter::Input::Reference(ref s) => s,
            },
        );
    }

    fn write_filter_primitive_attrs(&mut self, parent_rect: NonZeroRect, fe: &filter::Primitive) {
        if parent_rect.x() != fe.rect().x() {
            self.write_svg_attribute(AId::X, &fe.rect().x());
        }
        if parent_rect.y() != fe.rect().y() {
            self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Y, &fe.rect().y());
        }
        if parent_rect.width() != fe.rect().width() {
            self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Width, &fe.rect().width());
        }
        if parent_rect.height() != fe.rect().height() {
            self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Height, &fe.rect().height());
        }

        self.write_attribute(
            AId::ColorInterpolationFilters.to_str(),
            match fe.color_interpolation {
                filter::ColorInterpolation::SRGB => "sRGB",
                filter::ColorInterpolation::LinearRGB => "linearRGB",
            },
        );
    }

    fn write_filter_transfer_function(&mut self, eid: EId, fe: &filter::TransferFunction) {
        self.start_svg_element(eid);

        match fe {
            filter::TransferFunction::Identity => {
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "identity");
            }
            filter::TransferFunction::Table(ref values) => {
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "table");
                self.write_numbers(AId::TableValues, values);
            }
            filter::TransferFunction::Discrete(ref values) => {
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "discrete");
                self.write_numbers(AId::TableValues, values);
            }
            filter::TransferFunction::Linear { slope, intercept } => {
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "linear");
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Slope, &slope);
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Intercept, &intercept);
            }
            filter::TransferFunction::Gamma {
                amplitude,
                exponent,
                offset,
            } => {
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Type, "gamma");
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Amplitude, &amplitude);
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Exponent, &exponent);
                self.write_svg_attribute(AId::Offset, &offset);
            }
        }

        self.end_element();
    }

    fn write_image_data(&mut self, kind: &ImageKind) {
        let svg_string;
        let (mime, data) = match kind {
            ImageKind::JPEG(ref data) => ("jpeg", data.as_slice()),
            ImageKind::PNG(ref data) => ("png", data.as_slice()),
            ImageKind::GIF(ref data) => ("gif", data.as_slice()),
            ImageKind::SVG(ref tree) => {
                svg_string = tree.to_string(&WriteOptions::default());
                ("svg+xml", svg_string.as_bytes())
            }
        };

        self.write_attribute_raw("xlink:href", |buf| {
            buf.extend_from_slice(b"data:image/");
            buf.extend_from_slice(mime.as_bytes());
            buf.extend_from_slice(b";base64, ");

            let mut enc =
                base64::write::EncoderWriter::new(buf, &base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD);
            enc.write_all(data).unwrap();
            enc.finish().unwrap();
        });
    }
}

fn has_xlink(parent: &Group) -> bool {
    for node in &parent.children {
        match node {
            Node::Group(ref g) => {
                for filter in &g.filters {
                    if filter
                        .primitives
                        .iter()
                        .any(|p| matches!(p.kind, filter::Kind::Image(_)))
                    {
                        return true;
                    }
                }

                if let Some(ref mask) = g.mask {
                    if has_xlink(mask.root()) {
                        return true;
                    }

                    if let Some(ref sub_mask) = mask.mask {
                        if has_xlink(&sub_mask.root) {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if has_xlink(g) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            Node::Image(_) => {
                return true;
            }
            Node::Text(ref text) => {
                if text
                    .chunks
                    .iter()
                    .any(|t| matches!(t.text_flow, TextFlow::Path(_)))
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            _ => {}
        }

        let mut present = false;
        node.subroots(|root| present |= has_xlink(root));
        if present {
            return true;
        }
    }

    false
}

fn write_base_grad(g: &BaseGradient, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    xml.write_units(AId::GradientUnits, g.units, Units::ObjectBoundingBox);
    xml.write_transform(AId::GradientTransform, g.transform, opt);

    match g.spread_method {
        SpreadMethod::Pad => {}
        SpreadMethod::Reflect => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::SpreadMethod, "reflect"),
        SpreadMethod::Repeat => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::SpreadMethod, "repeat"),
    }

    for s in &g.stops {
        xml.start_svg_element(EId::Stop);
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Offset, &s.offset.get());
        xml.write_color(AId::StopColor, s.color);
        if s.opacity != Opacity::ONE {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StopOpacity, &s.opacity.get());
        }

        xml.end_element();
    }
}

fn write_path(
    path: &Path,
    is_clip_path: bool,
    path_transform: Transform,
    clip_path: Option<&str>,
    opt: &WriteOptions,
    xml: &mut XmlWriter,
) {
    xml.start_svg_element(EId::Path);
    if !path.id.is_empty() {
        xml.write_id_attribute(&path.id, opt);
    }

    write_fill(&path.fill, is_clip_path, opt, xml);
    write_stroke(&path.stroke, opt, xml);

    xml.write_visibility(path.visible);

    if path.paint_order == PaintOrder::StrokeAndFill {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::PaintOrder, "stroke");
    }

    match path.rendering_mode {
        ShapeRendering::OptimizeSpeed => {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::ShapeRendering, "optimizeSpeed");
        }
        ShapeRendering::CrispEdges => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::ShapeRendering, "crispEdges"),
        ShapeRendering::GeometricPrecision => {}
    }

    if let Some(id) = clip_path {
        xml.write_func_iri(AId::ClipPath, id, opt);
    }

    xml.write_transform(AId::Transform, path_transform, opt);

    xml.write_attribute_raw("d", |buf| {
        use tiny_skia_path::PathSegment;

        for seg in path.data.segments() {
            match seg {
                PathSegment::MoveTo(p) => {
                    buf.extend_from_slice(b"M ");
                    write_num(p.x, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p.y, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                }
                PathSegment::LineTo(p) => {
                    buf.extend_from_slice(b"L ");
                    write_num(p.x, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p.y, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                }
                PathSegment::QuadTo(p1, p) => {
                    buf.extend_from_slice(b"Q ");
                    write_num(p1.x, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p1.y, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p.x, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p.y, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                }
                PathSegment::CubicTo(p1, p2, p) => {
                    buf.extend_from_slice(b"C ");
                    write_num(p1.x, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p1.y, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p2.x, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p2.y, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p.x, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                    write_num(p.y, buf, opt.coordinates_precision);
                    buf.push(b' ');
                }
                PathSegment::Close => {
                    buf.extend_from_slice(b"Z ");
                }
            }
        }

        buf.pop();
    });

    xml.end_element();
}

fn write_fill(fill: &Option<Fill>, is_clip_path: bool, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    if let Some(ref fill) = fill {
        write_paint(AId::Fill, &fill.paint, opt, xml);

        if fill.opacity != Opacity::ONE {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FillOpacity, &fill.opacity.get());
        }

        if !fill.rule.is_default() {
            let name = if is_clip_path {
                AId::ClipRule
            } else {
                AId::FillRule
            };

            xml.write_svg_attribute(name, "evenodd");
        }
    } else {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Fill, "none");
    }
}

fn write_stroke(stroke: &Option<Stroke>, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    if let Some(ref stroke) = stroke {
        write_paint(AId::Stroke, &stroke.paint, opt, xml);

        if stroke.opacity != Opacity::ONE {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeOpacity, &stroke.opacity.get());
        }

        if !stroke.dashoffset.approx_zero_ulps(4) {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeDashoffset, &stroke.dashoffset)
        }

        if !stroke.miterlimit.is_default() {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeMiterlimit, &stroke.miterlimit.get());
        }

        if stroke.width.get() != 1.0 {
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeWidth, &stroke.width.get());
        }

        match stroke.linecap {
            LineCap::Butt => {}
            LineCap::Round => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeLinecap, "round"),
            LineCap::Square => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeLinecap, "square"),
        }

        match stroke.linejoin {
            LineJoin::Miter => {}
            LineJoin::MiterClip => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeLinejoin, "miter-clip"),
            LineJoin::Round => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeLinejoin, "round"),
            LineJoin::Bevel => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::StrokeLinejoin, "bevel"),
        }

        if let Some(ref array) = stroke.dasharray {
            xml.write_numbers(AId::StrokeDasharray, array);
        }
    } else {
        // Always set `stroke` to `none` to override the parent value.
        // In 99.9% of the cases it's redundant, but a group with `filter` with `StrokePaint`
        // will set `stroke`, which will interfere with children nodes.
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Stroke, "none");
    }
}

fn write_paint(aid: AId, paint: &Paint, opt: &WriteOptions, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    match paint {
        Paint::Color(c) => xml.write_color(aid, *c),
        Paint::LinearGradient(ref lg) => {
            xml.write_func_iri(aid, lg.id(), opt);
        }
        Paint::RadialGradient(ref rg) => {
            xml.write_func_iri(aid, rg.id(), opt);
        }
        Paint::Pattern(ref patt) => {
            xml.write_func_iri(aid, patt.id(), opt);
        }
    }
}

fn write_light_source(light: &filter::LightSource, xml: &mut XmlWriter) {
    match light {
        filter::LightSource::DistantLight(ref light) => {
            xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeDistantLight);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Azimuth, &light.azimuth);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Elevation, &light.elevation);
        }
        filter::LightSource::PointLight(ref light) => {
            xml.start_svg_element(EId::FePointLight);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::X, &light.x);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Y, &light.y);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Z, &light.z);
        }
        filter::LightSource::SpotLight(ref light) => {
            xml.start_svg_element(EId::FeSpotLight);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::X, &light.x);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Y, &light.y);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::Z, &light.z);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::PointsAtX, &light.points_at_x);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::PointsAtY, &light.points_at_y);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::PointsAtZ, &light.points_at_z);
            xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::SpecularExponent, &light.specular_exponent);
            if let Some(ref n) = light.limiting_cone_angle {
                xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::LimitingConeAngle, n);
            }
        }
    }

    xml.end_element();
}

static POW_VEC: &[f32] = &[
    1.0,
    10.0,
    100.0,
    1_000.0,
    10_000.0,
    100_000.0,
    1_000_000.0,
    10_000_000.0,
    100_000_000.0,
    1_000_000_000.0,
    10_000_000_000.0,
    100_000_000_000.0,
    1_000_000_000_000.0,
];

fn write_num(num: f32, buf: &mut Vec<u8>, precision: u8) {
    // If number is an integer, it's faster to write it as i32.
    if num.fract().approx_zero_ulps(4) {
        write!(buf, "{}", num as i32).unwrap();
        return;
    }

    // Round numbers up to the specified precision to prevent writing
    // ugly numbers like 29.999999999999996.
    // It's not 100% correct, but differences are insignificant.
    //
    // Note that at least in Rust 1.64 the number formatting in debug and release modes
    // can be slightly different. So having a lower precision makes
    // our output and tests reproducible.
    let v = (num * POW_VEC[precision as usize]).round() / POW_VEC[precision as usize];

    write!(buf, "{}", v).unwrap();
}

/// Write all of the tspan attributes except for decorations.
fn write_span(
    is_clip_path: bool,
    opt: &WriteOptions,
    xml: &mut XmlWriter,
    chunk: &TextChunk,
    span: &TextSpan,
) {
    xml.start_svg_element(EId::Tspan);

    let font_family_to_str = |font_family: &FontFamily| match font_family {
        FontFamily::Monospace => "monospace".to_string(),
        FontFamily::Serif => "serif".to_string(),
        FontFamily::SansSerif => "sans-serif".to_string(),
        FontFamily::Cursive => "cursive".to_string(),
        FontFamily::Fantasy => "fantasy".to_string(),
        FontFamily::Named(s) => {
            // Only quote if absolutely necessary
            match parse_font_families(s) {
                Ok(_) => s.clone(),
                Err(_) => {
                    if opt.use_single_quote {
                        format!("\"{}\"", s)
                    } else {
                        format!("'{}'", s)
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    };

    if !span.font.families.is_empty() {
        let families = span
            .font
            .families
            .iter()
            .map(font_family_to_str)
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
            .join(", ");
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FontFamily, &families);
    }

    match span.font.style {
        FontStyle::Normal => {}
        FontStyle::Italic => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FontStyle, "italic"),
        FontStyle::Oblique => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FontStyle, "oblique"),
    }

    if span.font.weight != 400 {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FontWeight, &span.font.weight);
    }

    if span.font.stretch != FontStretch::Normal {
        let name = match span.font.stretch {
            FontStretch::Condensed => "condensed",
            FontStretch::ExtraCondensed => "extra-condensed",
            FontStretch::UltraCondensed => "ultra-condensed",
            FontStretch::SemiCondensed => "semi-condensed",
            FontStretch::Expanded => "expanded",
            FontStretch::SemiExpanded => "semi-expanded",
            FontStretch::ExtraExpanded => "extra-expanded",
            FontStretch::UltraExpanded => "ultra-expanded",
            FontStretch::Normal => unreachable!(),
        };
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FontStretch, name);
    }

    xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FontSize, &span.font_size);

    xml.write_visibility(span.visible);

    if span.letter_spacing != 0.0 {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::LetterSpacing, &span.letter_spacing);
    }

    if span.word_spacing != 0.0 {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::WordSpacing, &span.word_spacing);
    }

    if let Some(text_length) = span.text_length {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::TextLength, &text_length);
    }

    if span.length_adjust == LengthAdjust::SpacingAndGlyphs {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::LengthAdjust, "spacingAndGlyphs");
    }

    if span.small_caps {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::FontVariant, "small-caps");
    }

    if span.paint_order == PaintOrder::StrokeAndFill {
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::PaintOrder, "stroke fill");
    }

    if !span.apply_kerning {
        xml.write_attribute("style", "font-kerning:none")
    }

    if span.dominant_baseline != DominantBaseline::Auto {
        let name = match span.dominant_baseline {
            DominantBaseline::UseScript => "use-script",
            DominantBaseline::NoChange => "no-change",
            DominantBaseline::ResetSize => "reset-size",
            DominantBaseline::TextBeforeEdge => "text-before-edge",
            DominantBaseline::Middle => "middle",
            DominantBaseline::Central => "central",
            DominantBaseline::TextAfterEdge => "text-after-edge",
            DominantBaseline::Ideographic => "ideographic",
            DominantBaseline::Alphabetic => "alphabetic",
            DominantBaseline::Hanging => "hanging",
            DominantBaseline::Mathematical => "mathematical",
            DominantBaseline::Auto => unreachable!(),
        };
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::DominantBaseline, name);
    }

    if span.alignment_baseline != AlignmentBaseline::Auto {
        let name = match span.alignment_baseline {
            AlignmentBaseline::Baseline => "baseline",
            AlignmentBaseline::BeforeEdge => "before-edge",
            AlignmentBaseline::TextBeforeEdge => "text-before-edge",
            AlignmentBaseline::Middle => "middle",
            AlignmentBaseline::Central => "central",
            AlignmentBaseline::AfterEdge => "after-edge",
            AlignmentBaseline::TextAfterEdge => "text-after-edge",
            AlignmentBaseline::Ideographic => "ideographic",
            AlignmentBaseline::Alphabetic => "alphabetic",
            AlignmentBaseline::Hanging => "hanging",
            AlignmentBaseline::Mathematical => "mathematical",
            AlignmentBaseline::Auto => unreachable!(),
        };
        xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::AlignmentBaseline, name);
    }

    write_fill(&span.fill, is_clip_path, opt, xml);
    write_stroke(&span.stroke, opt, xml);

    for baseline_shift in &span.baseline_shift {
        xml.start_svg_element(EId::Tspan);
        match baseline_shift {
            BaselineShift::Baseline => {}
            BaselineShift::Number(num) => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::BaselineShift, num),
            BaselineShift::Subscript => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::BaselineShift, "sub"),
            BaselineShift::Superscript => xml.write_svg_attribute(AId::BaselineShift, "super"),
        }
    }

    let cur_text = &chunk.text[span.start..span.end];

    xml.write_text(&cur_text.replace('&', "&amp;"));

    // End for each tspan we needed to create for baseline_shift
    for _ in &span.baseline_shift {
        xml.end_element();
    }

    xml.end_element();
}